Pedosphere 25(1): 130--139, 2015
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2015 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Vegetable production after flooded rice improves soil properties in the Red River Delta, Vietnam |
A. P. EVERAARTS1 ,J. J. NEETESON2, P. T. T. HUONG1,2,3,4 and P. C. STRUIK4 |
1Applied Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Lelystad8200AK(The Netherlands)
2Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen6708PB (The Netherlands)
3Field Crop Research Institute, Hai Duong and Hanoi University of Agriculture, Gialam,Hanoi (Vietnam)
4Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, Wageningen6708PB(The Netherlands) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Vegetable production in South East Asia often is in rotation with flooded rice. The puddling of the soil with flooded rice production may result in unfavourable soil conditions for the subsequent production of dry land crops. To establish whether permanent vegetable production results in favourable soil conditions for vegetables, the effects of five different permanent vegetable production systems and a system of vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice on soil properties after flooded rice were studied in a 2-year field experiment. Bulk density at 0.05–0.10 m depth layer decreased with permanent vegetable production and vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice. The decrease in bulk density was influenced by the application of organic manure and rice husks, and especially by the number of crops cultivated, suggesting that frequency of soil tillage had a major effect on bulk density. Ploughing with buffalo traction after flooded rice, in combination with construction of raised beds, could reduce or totally eliminate negative effects of puddling on soil structure. Bulk density at 0.15–0.20 m soil depth was not influenced. Soil acidity decreased significantly in all systems. Soil organic carbon increased in all systems, but significant increase was only found in two permanent vegetable production systems. Available phosphorus (P) significantly increased in two permanent vegetable production systems, with a positively correlation to the amount of P applied. The significant decrease in bulk density and increase in pH (H2O), after only 2 years, showed that soil conditions after flooded rice could be improved in a short time under intensive vegetable production. |
| Key Words: available phosphorus, bulk density, organic carbon,puddling,soil fertility, soil improvement |
| Citation: Everaarts, A. P., Neeteson, J. J., Huong, T. T. and Struik, P. C. 2015. Vegetable production after flooded rice improves soil properties in the Red River Delta, Vietnam. Pedosphere. 25(1): 130-139. |
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