Pedosphere 15(4): 440--447, 2005
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2005 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Responses of soil microbial community structure and diversity to agricultural deintensification |
ZHANG Wei-Jian1,2 , RUI Wen-Yi1, C. TU2, H. G. DIAB2, F. J. LOUWS2, J. P. MUELLER3, N. CREAMER4, M. BELL3, M. G. WAGGER5 and S. HU2 |
1 Department of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 (China). E-mail: zwj@njau.edu.cn
2 Department of Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 (USA)
3 Department of Crop Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 (USA)
4 Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 (USA)
5 Department of Soil Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 (USA) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Using a scheme of agricultural fields with progressively less intensive management (deintensification), different management practices in six agroecosystems located near Goldsboro, NC, USA were tested in a large-scale experiment, including two cash-grain cropping systems employing either tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT), an organic farming system (OR), an integrated cropping system with animals (IN), a successional field (SU), and a plantation woodlot (WO). Microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and substrate utilization patterns (BIOLOG ECO plates) were measured to examine the effects of deintensification on the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities. Principle component analyses of PLFA and BIOLOG data showed that the microbial community structure diverged among the soils of the six systems. Lower microbial diversity was found in lowly managed ecosystem than that in intensive and moderately managed agroecosystems, and both fungal contribution to the total identified PLFAs and the ratio of microbial biomass C/N increased along with agricultural deintensification. Significantly higher ratios of C/N (P < 0.05) were found in the WO and SU systems, and for fungal/bacterial PLFAs in the WO system (P < 0.05). There were also significant decreases (P < 0.05) along with agricultural deintensification for contributions of total bacterial and gram positive (G+) bacterial PLFAs. Agricultural deintensification could facilitate the development of microbial communities that favor soil fungi over bacteria. |
| Key Words: agricultural deintensification, agroecosystems, carbon retention, soil microbial community |
| Citation: Zhang, W. J., Rui, W. Y., Tu, C., Diab, H. G., Louws, F. J., Mueller, J. P., Creamer, N., Bell, M., Wagger, M. G. and Hu, S. 2005. Responses of soil microbial community structure and diversity to agricultural deintensification. Pedosphere. 15(4): 440-447. |
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