Pedosphere 14(4): 533--540, 2004
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2004 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Ammonia volatilization and denitrification losses from an irrigated maize-wheat rotation field in the North China Plain |
ZHANG Yu-Ming1 , CHEN De-Li2, ZHANG Jia-Bao3, R. EDIS2, HU Chun-Sheng1, ZHU An-Ning3 |
1 Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021 (China). E-mail: ymzhang@ms.sjziam.ac.cn
2 Department of Resource Management and Horticulture, Institute of Land and Food Resource, the University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria (Australia)
3 Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Ammonia (NH3) volatilization, denitrification loss, and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission were investigated from an irrigated wheat-maize rotation field on the North China Plain, and the magnitude of gaseous N loss from denitrification and NH3 volatilization was assessed. The micrometeorological gradient diffusion method in conjunction with a Bowen Ratio system was utilized to measure actual NH3 fluxes over a large area, while the acetylene inhibition technique (intact soil cores) was employed for measurement of denitrification losses and N2O emissions. Ammonia volatilization loss was 26.62% of the applied fertilizer nitrogen (N) under maize, while 0.90% and 15.55% were lost from the wheat field at sowing and topdressing, respectively. The differences in NH3 volatilization between different measurement events may be due to differences between the fertilization methods, and to differences in climatic conditions such as soil temperature. Denitrification losses in the fertilized plots were 0.67%-2.87% and 0.31%-0.49% of the applied fertilizer N under maize and wheat after subtracting those of the controls, respectively. Nitrous oxide emissions in the fertilized plots were approximately 0.08%-0.41% and 0.26%-0.34% of the applied fertilizer N over the maize and wheat seasons after subtracting those of the controls, correspondingly. The fertilizer N losses due to NH3 volatilization were markedly higher than those through denitrification and nitrous oxide emissions. These results indicated that NH3 volatilization was an important N transformation in the crop-soil system and was likely to be the major cause of low efficiencies with N fertilizer in the study area. Denitrification was not a very important pathway of N fertilizer loss, but did result in important evolution of the greenhouse gas N2O and the effect of N2O emitted from agricultural fields on environment should not be overlooked. |
| Key Words: ammonia volatilization, denitrification, gaseous N loss, N2O emission |
| Citation: Zhang, Y. M., Chen, D. L., Zhang, J. B., Edis, R., Hu, C. S. and Zhu, A. N. 2004. Ammonia volatilization and denitrification losses from an irrigated maize-wheat rotation field in the North China Plain. Pedosphere. 14(4): 533-540. |
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