Pedosphere 36(1): 165--185, 2026
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2026 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Environmental and human health impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides: A review |
Nourddine AJERMOUN1,2, Latifa EL HADDIOUI1, Aziza BERD1, Fathellah LAGHRIB1,3, Abdelfettah FARAHI1, Sara LAHRICH1, Mina BAKASSE4, Sana SAQRANE1, Moulay Abderrahim EL MHAMMEDI1 |
1 Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, Khouribga 25000 (Morocco);
2 Chemical Engineering for Resources Valorisation Group, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tanger, Abdelmalek Essaadi University of Tetouan, Tanger 90000 (Morocco);
3 Laboratory of Processes, Materials and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes 30000 (Morocco);
4 Laboratory of Organic Bioorganic Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000 (Morocco) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Over the past decade, neonicotinoid insecticides have become the fastest-growing and most widely used class of pesticides. Initially, these compounds were considered ideal replacements for more hazardous chemicals such as carbamates and organophosphates, due to their presumed limited impact on the environment and human health. However, neonicotinoids have since been detected in soils, surface waters, groundwater, food, and various human biological samples. Moreover, they have been shown to negatively affect aquatic organisms, including aquatic insects, crustaceans, mollusks, fish, algae/macrophytes, and amphibians. Epidemiological studies and human biomonitoring research have revealed both acute and chronic health effects, ranging from respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological symptoms to congenital abnormalities. This review examines the effects of neonicotinoids, their ecological consequences, and the potential risks associated with human exposure. |
| Key Words: bioremediation|economic evaluation|exposure|health risk|pesticides|soil|water |
| Citation: Ajermoun N, El Haddioui L, Berd A, Laghrib F, Farahi A, Lahrich S, Bakasse M, Saqrane S, El Mhammedi M A. 2026. Environmental and human health impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides: A review. Pedosphere. 36(1): 165-185. |
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