Pedosphere 36(1): 116--146, 2026
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2026 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Harnessing microbe-based soil inoculants, strigolactones, and nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture: Mechanisms, innovations, and challenges |
Sourav CHATTARAJ1 , Debasis MITRA2, Arindam GANGULY3, Pradeep K. DAS MOHAPATRA4, Hrudayanath THATOI1 |
1 Centre for Industrial Biotechnology Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, Deemed to be University, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar 751003 (India);
2 Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002 (India);
3 Department of Microbiology, Bankura Sammilani College, Bankura 722102 (India);
4 Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Uttar Dinajpur, Raiganj 733134 (India) |
| Corresponding Author:Sourav CHATTARAJ |
| ABSTRACT |
| Microbe-based soil inoculants offer a promising approach to sustainable agriculture by reducing reliance on agrochemicals and minimizing environmental damages. The heavy use of chemicals in conventional agriculture poses significant challenges to crop production and environmental health. This review explores the integration of microbe-based inoculants, strigolactones (SLs), and nanotechnology to enhance agricultural sustainability. Nanobiofertilizers containing nanoparticles such as Ag, Zn, Fe, ZnO, TiO2, SiO2, and MgO can provide essential crop protection, while algae species like Chlorella spp., Arthrospira spp., and Dunaliella spp. serve as promising biostimulants and biofertilizers. Additionally, plant growth-promoting microorganisms such as Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Trichoderma, alongside synthetic SLs like GR24, contribute to improving crop yield and stress tolerance. Strigolactone signaling pathways have also been explored for their roles in plant growth and resilience. Recent innovations in biofertilizer research, particularly in genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, have advanced our understanding of plant-microbe interactions. These omics-based technologies help develop tailored biofertilizer formulations suited to specific crops, soils, and environmental conditions. The combination of biofertilizers, nanoparticles, and SLs fosters nutrient uptake, enhances stress tolerance, and promotes overall plant growth. Case studies from various agroecosystems show that biofertilizers can improve soil health, boost crop yields, reduce chemical fertilizer dependency, and lower environmental impacts. With precision farming, biofertilizers offer sustainable solutions to various challenges, including climate change, soil degradation, and food security. This review discusses the mechanisms by which GR24, nanoparticle, and microbe-based biofertilizers benefit plants, emphasizing their potential for sustainable agriculture and future challenges. |
| Key Words: biofertilizer|microbe-plant interactions|nanoparticle|precision agriculture|soil health|synthetic strigolactone GR24 |
| Citation: Chattaraj S, Mitra D, Ganguly A, Das Mohapatra P K, Thatoi H. 2026. Harnessing microbe-based soil inoculants, strigolactones, and nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture: Mechanisms, innovations, and challenges. Pedosphere. 36(1): 116-146. |
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