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Pedosphere 35(6): 983--994, 2025
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2025 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press

Effects of rice cropping method and growth stage on rhizosphere bacterial diversity and soil biological attributes

Surathi ADITHYA, Sai Aparna Devi NUNNA, Chinnappan CHINNADURAI, Dananjeyan BALACHANDAR

Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003 (India)

ABSTRACT

Rice cropping method is primarily decided by soil moisture regime. System of rice intensification (SRI) and direct-seeded aerobic rice are two primary modifications of traditional wetland rice. Understanding rice rhizosphere microbiome and functioning as influenced by these cropping methods is essential for sustaining rice productivity. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of three different rice cropping methods (wetland rice, SRI, and aerobic rice) on the biochemical properties and bacterial communities within the rice rhizosphere across three key rice growth stages: tillering, flowering, and maturity. Soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dehydrogenase activity, substrate-induced respiration (SIR), and metabolic quotient (MQ) were assessed along with high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing of rice rhizosphere soils. The rice rhizosphere soil registered the highest SOC, MBC, and dehydrogenase activity in SRI followed by wetland rice and then aerobic rice. Cropping method had a minimal impact on SIR and MQ. Along with cropping method, growth stage also significantly altered these biological attributes of rice rhizosphere. The trends of the highest SOC content and dehydrogenase activity at the flowering stage and the highest MBC content and SIR at the tillering stage of rice were observed in all three rice cropping methods. The analysis of bacterial communities, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealed that both cropping method and growth stage significantly impacted the composition of rhizosphere microbiomes. However, the influence of cropping method was less pronounced compared to growth stage. Cropping method caused notable shifts in the abundances of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi, while growth stage affected the abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes. Based on these results, the SRI method led to higher diversification to the rhizosphere bacteriobiota, as well as greater incorporation of carbon into the soil and increased dehydrogenase activity compared to wetland rice and aerobic rice. This study deepens our understanding of how different cropping methods influence plant-microbe interaction and the implications for overall rice productivity and soil health.

Citation: Adithya S, Nunna S A D, Chinnadurai C, Balachandar D. 2025. Effects of rice cropping method and growth stage on rhizosphere bacterial diversity and soil biological attributes. Pedosphere. 35(6): 983-994.

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