Pedosphere 33(2): 287--300, 2023
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2023 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Stress combination: When two negatives may become antagonistic, synergistic or additive for plants? |
Hera NADEEM1, Amir KHAN1, Rishil GUPTA1, Mohamed HASHEM2,3, Saad ALAMRI2, Mansoor Ahmad SIDDIQUI1 , Faheem AHMAD1 |
1Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002(India);
2Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413(Saudi Arabia);
3Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516(Egypt) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Plants in their natural environment are constantly subjected to various abiotic and biotic stressors and, therefore, have developed several defense mechanisms to maintain fitness. Stress responses are intricate and require various physiological, biochemical, and cellular changes in plants. The reaction mechanisms in plants subjected to drought, salinity, or heat stress alone have been explained in numerous studies. However, the field conditions are significantly different from the controlled laboratory conditions. In the field, crops or plants are simultaneously exposed to two or more abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions, such as a combination of salinity and heat, drought and cold, or any of the abiotic stresses combined with pathogen infection. Studies have shown that plants' reactions to combinations of more than two stress factors are distinct and cannot be explicitly deduced from their responses to different stresses when applied separately. Therefore, additional research is needed to understand the complete mechanism of plant responses to stress by analyzing data between single stress and multiple stress responses. This review aims to provide an overview of current research on plant responses to a combination of various stress conditions and their influence on the metabolic, transcriptional, and physiological characteristics of plants. |
| Key Words: abiotic stress,abscisic acid,biotic stress,defence mechanism,multifactorial stress,reactive oxygen species,stress response |
| Citation: Nadeem H, Khan A, Gupta R, Hashem M, Alamri S, Siddiqui M A, Ahmad F. 2023. Stress combination: When two negatives may become antagonistic, synergistic or additive for plants? Pedosphere. 33(2): 287-300. |
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