Pedosphere 27(3): 502--510, 2017
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2017 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Prediction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioaccessibility to earthworms in spiked soils by composite extraction with hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin and organic acids |
ZHANG Yanan1,2, YANG Xinglun1, GU Chenggang1, BIAN Yongrong1, LIU Zongtang1, JIA Mingyun1, WANG Fang1, WANG Daizhang3,JIANG Xin1 |
1Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China);
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China);
3 College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 (China) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Traditional exhaustive extraction methods often overestimate the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bioaccessibility to biota. Therefore, reliable assessment methods need to be established. In this study, a composite extraction with hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HPCD) and three low-molecular-weight organic acids, oxalic acid (OA), malic acid (MA), and citric acid (CA), was used to predict the PAH bioaccessibility to earthworms, subjecting to two soils (red soil and yellow soil) spiked with selected PAHs, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, and benzo(a)pyrene. For both soils, concentrations of PAHs by composite extraction using HPCD-OA ($R^{2}$ = 0.89--0.92, slope = 1.89--2.03; $n=35$), HPCD-MA ($R^{2}$ = 0.92--0.96, slope = 1.43--1.67; $n=35$), and HPCD-CA ($R^{2}$ = 0.92--0.96, slope = 1.26--1.56; $n=35$) were significantly correlated with PAH accumulation in the Eisenia fetida earthworms. Moreover, the HPCD-CA- and HPCD-MA-extracted PAH concentrations were closer to the earthworm-accumulated PAH concentration than the extraction using just HPCD. The results indicated that the composite extraction could improve the prediction of PAH bioaccessibility, and therefore can serve as a reliable chemical method to predict PAH bioaccessibility to earthworms in contaminated soils. |
| Key Words: chemical extraction, citric acid, earthworm accumulation, low-molecular-weight organic acid, malic acid |
| Citation: Zhang Y N, Yang X L, Gu C G, Bian Y R, Liu Z T, Jia M Y, Wang F, Wang D Z, Jiang X. 2017. Prediction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioaccessibility to earthworms in spiked soils by composite extraction with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and organic acids. Pedosphere. 27(3): 502--510. |
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