Pedosphere 22(4): 470--488, 2012
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2012 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Designing cropping systems for metal-contaminated sites: A review |
TANG Ye-Tao1,2,3, DENG Teng-Hao-Bo1, WU Qi-Hang1, WANG Shi-Zhong1,2, QIU Rong-Liang1,2, WEI Ze-Bin4, GUO Xiao-Fang4, WU Qi-Tang4, LEI Mei5, CHEN Tong-Bin5, G. ECHEVARRIA3, T. STERCKEMAN3, M. O. SIMONNOT6 and J. L. MOREL3 |
1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China);
2 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275 (China);
3 INPL(ENSAIA)/INRA, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 172, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex (France);
4 College of Natural Resource and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642 (China);
5 Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 (China);
6 Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Université de Lorraine-CNRS (UPR 3349), 1 Rue Grandville BP20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex (France) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Considering that even contaminated soils are a potential resource for agricultural production, it is essential to develop a set of cropping systems to allow a safe and sustainable agriculture on contaminated lands while avoiding any transfer of toxic trace elements to the food chain. In this review, three main strategies, i.e., phytoexclusion, phytostabilization, and phytoextraction, are proposed to establish cropping systems for production of edible and non-edible plants, and for extraction of elements for industrial use. For safe production of food crops, the selection of low-accumulating plants/cultivars and the application of soil amendments are of vital importance. Phytostabilization using non-food energy and fiber plants can provide additional renewable energy sources and economic benefit with minimum cost of agricultural measures. Phytoextracting trace elements (e.g., As, Cd, Ni, and Zn) using hyperaccumulator species is more suitable for slightly and moderately polluted sites, and phytomining of Ni from serpentine soils has shown a great potential to extract Ni-containing bio-ores of economic interests. We conclude that appropriate combinations of soil types, plant species/cultivars, and agronomic practices can restrict trace metal transfer to the food chain and/or extract energy and metals of industrial use and allow safe agricultural activities. |
| Key Words: agronomic practices, food safety, hyperaccumulator, phytoremediation, trace element |
| Citation: Tang, Y. T., Deng, T. H., Wu, Q. H., Wang, S. Z., Qiu, R. L., Wei, Z. B., Guo, X. F., Wu, Q. T., Lei, M., Chen, T. B., Echevarria, G., Sterckeman, T., Simonnot, M. O. and Morel, J. L. 2012. Designing cropping systems for metal-contaminated sites: A review. Pedosphere. 22(4): 470-488. |
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