Pedosphere 21(2): 154--163, 2011
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©2011 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Effect of long-term potassium fertilization on crop yield and potassium effciency and balance under wheat-maize rotation in China |
ZHANG Hui-Min1, YANG Xue-Yun2, HE Xin-Hua1,3,6, XU Ming-Gang1 , HUANG Shao-Min4, LIU Hua5 and WANG Bo-Ren1 |
1 Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 (China);
2 College of Resource and Environment, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 (China);
3 Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Natural Resources, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027 (Australia);
4 Institute of Plant Nutrition and Agricultural Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002 (China);
5 Institute of Soils, Fertilizers and Water-saving in Agriculture, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830091 (China);
6 State Centre of Excellence for Ecohydrology and School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009 (Australia) |
| ABSTRACT |
| Sustainable potassium (K) management at different soil sites requires understanding the relationships between crop productivity and long-term K fertilizations on a regional or national scale.We analyzed responses of grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.),K efficiency,and partial balance (difference between K input through fertilizer and K output in the aboveground biomass) during 15-(1990-2005) or 18-year (1990-2008) K fertilizations at five distinctive agroecological zones across China.Compared to the inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization,the inorganic NPK fertilization significantly increased grain yields of wheat (21%) and maize (16%-72%) at Qiyang and Changping,where soils have low exchangeable and non-exchangeable K contents,but not at Ürümqi,Yangling and Zhengzhou,where soils have a high exchangeable and non-exchangeable K and/or low N/K ratio in crop plants.Compared to the inorganic NPK fertilization,the inorganic NPK (30% N) and organic manure (70% N) fertilization (NPKM) increased grain yields of wheat (14%-40%) and maize (9%-61%) at four sites,but not at Zhengzhou.For a productivity of wheat at 2-5 t ha-1 or maize at 3-6 t ha-1,13-26 or 9-17 kg K ha-1 were required to produce 1.0 t wheat or maize.The NP fertilization resulted in the lowest negative partial K balance and accumulated 52 kg K ha-1 year-1 less than the NPK fertilization,which accumulated 28 kg ha-1 year-1 less K than the NPKM fertilization.A re-evaluation of the site-specific fertilization effects on N/K ratio in crop plants and soil K accumulation under current NPK and NPKM fertilization is urgently needed to increase both crop yield and K use efficiency at different agroecological zones across China. |
| Key Words: exchangeable K, internal K use efficiency, K harvest index, K uptake, non-exchangeable K |
| Citation: Zhang, H. M., Yang, X. Y., He, X. H., Xu, M. G., Huang, S. M., Liu, H. and Wang, B. R. 2011. Effect of long-term potassium fertilization on crop yield and potassium effciency and balance under wheat-maize rotation in China. Pedosphere. 21(2): 154-163. |
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