Pedosphere 6(1): 47--56, 1996
ISSN 1002-0160/CN 32-1315/P
©1996 Soil Science Society of China
Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press
| Main clay minerals in soils of Fujian Province, China |
| WANG Guo, ZHANG Wei-Ming and ZHOU Xin-Dun |
| Department of Land and Environmental Sci, Fujian Agricultural University, Fuzhou 350002 (China) |
| ABSTRACT |
| The clay minerals of more than 200 soil samples collected from various sites of Fujian Province were studied by the X-ray diffraction method and transmission electron microscopy to study their distribution and evolution. Montmorillonite was found in coastal solonchak, paddy soils derived from marine deposit, lacustrine deposit and river deposit, and some lateritic red soil, red soil and yellow soil with a low weathering degree. Chlorite existed mainly in coastal solonchak and paddy soil developed from marine deposit. 1.4 nm intergradient mineral appeared frequently in yellow soil, red soil and lateritic red soil. The content of 1.4 nm intergradient mineral increased with the decrease of weathering degree from lateritic red soil to red soil to yellow soil. Hydrous micas were more in coastal solonchak, paddy soils derived from marine deposit, lacustrine deposit and river deposit, and purple soil from purple shale than in other soils. Kaolinite was the most important clay mineral in the soils in this province. The higher the soil weathering degree, the more the kaolinite existed. From yellow soil to red soil to lateritic red soil, kaolinite increased gradually. Kaolinite was the predominant clay mineral accompanied by few other minerals in typical lateritic red soil. Tubular halloysite was a widespread clay mineral in soils of Fujian Province with varying quantities. The soil derived from the parent rocks rich in feldspar contained more tubular halloysite. Spheroidal halloysite was found in a red soil and a paddy soil developed from olivine basalt. Gibbsite in the soils in this district was largely "primary gibbsite" which formed in the early weathering stage. Gibbsite decreased with the increase of weathering degree from yellow soil to red soil to lateritic red soil. Goethite also decreased in the same sequence while hematite increased. |
| Key Words: clay minerals, Fujian Province, soils |
| Citation: Wang, G., Zhang, W. M. and Zhou, X. D. 1996. Main clay minerals in soils of Fujian Province, China. Pedosphere. 6(1): 47-56. |
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