Effects of soil amendments, foliar sprayings of silicon and selenium and their combinations on the reduction of cadmium accumulation in rice
Section snippets
INTRODUCTION
Cadmium (Cd) is highly mobile in the soil-plant system (Ma F J et al., 2021) and is easily transferred from soil to the food chain (Nie et al., 2018). Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a primary staple crop, and its consumption is regarded as an important Cd exposure route to humans (Rizwan et al., 2016). Agricultural soils contaminated by Cd are becoming one of the most serious environmental issues and public concerns, because rice production in Cd-contaminated soils challenges the food security (
Pot experiment
Soil for the pot experiment was collected from a paddy field in Guixi, Jiangxi Province, China, which was contaminated by a large copper smelter approximately 6 km away. The collected soil was air-dried and crushed to screen a 10-mesh sieve. Basic soil properties were measured and presented in Text S1 and Table SI (see Supplementary Material for Text S1 and Table SI). Each pot (diameter, 35 cm; height, 25 cm) was filled with 10 kg soil, with soil Cd concentration of 0.82 mg kg-1 and
Effects of foliar Se and Si applications on plant growth and antioxidant enzyme activities
All treatments displayed an increase in grain yield by 4%–10% (P > 0.05) compared with control (Tables SIII–SV, see Supplementary Material for Tables SIII–SV) and significantly increased the Se concentration in brown rice under Se application (P < 0.05, Fig. S1, see Supplementary Material for Fig. S1). Activities of CAT and POD in rice leaves after foliar spraying are shown in Fig. 1. Compared with control, both Se and SS significantly enhanced CAT and POD activities of rice leaves by 24%–54%
CONCLUSIONS
Foliar Se and Si applications increased rice grain yield by 4%–10%, improved antioxidant enzyme activities in rice leaves, and significantly reduced Cd accumulation in brown rice by 39%–83%. Amendments of SSBA and lime significantly decreased CaCl2-extractable Cd concentration in soil and resulted in significant reductions in root Cd bioaccumulation and Cd transfer capacity from root to aerial tissues. Combined applications of SSBA + Si, SSBA + Se, and SSBA + SS reduced Cd accumulation in rice
CONTRIBUTION OF AUTHORS
Demin Li and Hongyan Liu contributed equally to this work.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This study was supported by the Key Scientific Research and Development Projects of Jiangxi Provence, China (No. 20194ABC28010) and the National Key Technology R&D Program, China (No. 2015BAD05B01).
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
Supplementary material for this article can be found in the online version.
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