Comparison of Persulfate Activation and Fenton Reaction in Remediating an Organophosphorus Pesticides-Polluted Soil

doi:10.1016/S1002-0160(17)60342-4

Pedosphere

Volume 27, Issue 3, June 2017, Pages 465-474

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(17)60342-4 Get rights and content

Abstract

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are one of the most regular pollutants and frequently detected in the contaminated sites, so developing an efficient method for the treatment of OPs is highly required. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of persulfate (PS) activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The polluted soil used in this study was sampled from an abandoned insecticide factory in Nantong, Jiangsu Province of China, mainly containing chloropyrifos (CP) and 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol (BCP, the raw material of profenofos) with total concentration of about 30 000 mg kg⁻¹. The results showed that both BCP and CP were efficiently degraded by base activation of PS, and increasing the ratio of NaOH/PS enhanced CP degradation, but slightly decreased BCP degradation. The greatest degradation rates for CP and BCP were 92% and 97%, respectively, with 7.0 mol L⁻¹ NaOH and 0.21 mol L⁻¹ PS and a soil-to-liquid ratio of 1:1. Furthermore, ferrous iron activation of PS also degraded BCP efficiently, but only 60% of CP was degraded under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that base activation of PS was more feasible than Fe²⁺ activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The high degradation rate for CP may be linked to the initial hydrolyzation of CP by base to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, which can be further rapidly degraded by free radicals generated from base activation of PS.

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Citation Excerpt :
Indiscriminate use of pesticides will precede to occurrences of residues of pesticides in vegetables and fruits. It has been proven that, residues exceeding certain limits in food products possess a possible risk to the general population, majorly due to their potential mutagenicity properties (Wu et al., 2017; Cheng et al., 2017; Zhu et al., 2017). These toxic pesticides being banned for use on crops, remain to be detected with high frequencies in the environment (Hashmi et al., 2020; Kafaei et al., 2020) and biomedia due to their long degradation half-life, migration and bioaccumulation potencies (Hashmi et al., 2020; Venugopal et al., 2020).
The present study was initiated with the purpose to evaluate possible health risks associated with pesticide residues through consumption of vegetables and fruits by general population of Gujarat, India. A total of 1075 samples comprising of twelve different varieties of commonly consumed food commodities were collected from twenty-five divergent locations in Gujarat. The collected samples were extracted using QuEChERS method and analyzed for the presence of organophosphorus (OPs), organochlorine (OCs) and synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) pesticides using UHPLC-HR/MS, GC-μECD and GC-MS/SIM. The results indicated that 2.3% of vegetable and fruit samples showed the presence of pesticide residues exceeding maximum residue limits (MRLs). The results suggested that, detected residue levels in samples were within safe limits and their consumption will not pose any significant health risk to human. The outcomes present significant information regarding the status of vegetable and fruit contamination and pointed out the prerequisite for further studies with reference to monitoring of pesticides and other toxic contaminants in different samples for assessing cumulative health risk.

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Comparison of Persulfate Activation and Fenton Reaction in Remediating an Organophosphorus Pesticides-Polluted Soil

Abstract

J Hazard Mater.

Food Chem.

Water Res.

Pedosphere

Chem Eng J.

Appl Catal B-Environ.

Chemosphere.

Appl Catal B-Environ.

Water Res.

Appl Catal B-Environ.

Chemosphere.

Chemosphere.

Chemosphere.

Chemosphere.

J Hazard Mater.

J Hazard Mater.

Water Res.

J Hazard Mater.

J Hazard Mater

Mechanism of persulfate activation by phenols

Environ Sci Technol.